Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

A systematic review and meta-analysis of 19 trials involving 1,193 participants with PCOS found dietary interventions were associated with improvements in insulin-resistance measures and body-composition outcomes. Effects varied according to dietary intervention.

• Dietary approaches varied substantially.
• HOMA-IR, fasting insulin, and fasting glucose are surrogate metabolic outcomes.
• Do not identify a single diet as universally optimal for PCOS.
• Do not equate improved insulin resistance with cure or reversal of PCOS.
• Do not infer reproductive outcomes unless directly measured.

Not established from these metabolic outcomes alone.

• Source 1: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32621748/

An umbrella review of randomized-trial meta-analyses found several nutritional interventions can improve selected metabolic and anthropometric outcomes in PCOS. Evidence certainty varies substantially by intervention and outcome.

• Evidence strength differs substantially among dietary patterns and supplements.
• Do not combine findings from different interventions into a generalized treatment effect.
• Lower-carbohydrate, DASH, and lower-glycemic approaches showed some benefits with low or very-low certainty for several outcomes.
• Supplement findings must remain separate from whole-food dietary claims.
• Do not claim dietary modification cures or reverses PCOS.
• Do not imply nutrition replaces appropriate medical management.

Not established across dietary interventions.

• Source 1: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36099162/